| 1 Plants with cardiovascular active compounds |
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| 1a Cardiaca |
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| for improved heart performance, strengthening of the heart muscle, against nervous heart issues |
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Adonis aestivalis |
summer pheasant's-eye |
Ranunculaceae |
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Adonis amurensis |
Amur adonis |
Ranunculaceae |
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Adonis annua |
autumn pheasant's-eye |
Ranunculaceae |
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Adonis vernalis |
spring pheasant's eye |
Ranunculaceae |
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Erysimum cheiri |
wallflower |
Brassicaceae |
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Convallaria majalis |
lily-of-the-valley |
Asparagaceae |
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Crataegus laevigata |
midland hawthorn |
Rosaceae |
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Crataegus monogyna |
single-seeded hawthorn |
Rosaceae |
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Digitalis grandiflora |
big-flowered foxglove |
Plantaginaceae |
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Digitalis lanata |
woolly foxglove |
Plantaginaceae |
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Digitalis lutea |
small yellow foxglove |
Plantaginaceae |
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Digitalis purpurea |
common foxglove |
Plantaginaceae |
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Helleborus niger |
Christmas rose |
Ranunculaceae |
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Helleborus viridis |
green hellebore |
Ranunculaceae |
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Leonurus cardiaca |
motherwort |
Lamiaceae |
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| 1b Antianginals (to widen coronary arteries) |
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| e.g. in case of angina pectoris, asthma, spasms |
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Ammi majus |
bishop's weed |
Apiaceae |
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Ammi visnaga |
toothpick-plant |
Apiaceae |
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Ginkgo biloba |
ginkgo |
Ginkgogaceae |
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Vinca minor |
lesser periwinkle |
Apocynaceae |
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| 1c Antiarrhythmics for the treatment of arrythmia |
| increasing blood pressure, e.g. tea mixtures |
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Cytisus scoparius |
common broom |
Fabaceae |
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| 1d Blood pressure agents |
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| Eph. = increasing, Rhod. = decreasing |
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Allium sativum |
garlic |
Amaryllidaceae |
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Ephedra distachya |
ephedra |
Ephedraceae |
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Rhododendron ferrugineum |
rusty-leaved alpenrose |
Ericaceae |
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Rhododendron ponticum |
Rhododendron |
Ericaceae |
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| 2 Plants with vein strengthening effects |
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Aesculus hippocastanum |
horse-chestnut |
Sapindaceae |
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Fagopyrum esculentum |
common buckwheat |
Polygonaceae |
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Galium odoratum |
sweetscented bedstraw |
Rubiaceae |
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Melilotus altissimus |
tall yellow sweetclover |
Fabaceae |
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Melilotus officinalis |
common melilot |
Fabaceae |
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Solidago canadensis |
Canadian goldenrod |
Asteraceae |
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Solidago virgaurea |
European goldenrod |
Asteraceae |
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Vitis vinifera |
common grape vine |
Vitaceae |
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| 3 Plants with effects on the bronchial system |
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| and against common cold |
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| 3a Antiasthmatics |
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| Plants with effects against asthma |
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Ammi visnaga |
toothpick-plant |
Apiaceae |
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Datura stramonium |
jimsonweed |
Solanaceae |
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Ephedra distachya |
ephedra |
Ephedraceae |
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| 3b Antitussives |
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| Plants with effects against cough |
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Althaea officinalis |
marsh-mallow |
Malvaceae |
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Asarum europaeum |
hazelwort |
Aristolochiaceae |
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Foeniculum vulgare |
Fennel |
Apiaceae |
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Glycyrrhiza glabra |
Liquorice |
Fabaceae |
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Gypsophila paniculata |
panicled baby's-breath |
Caryophyllaceae |
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Hedera helix |
common ivy |
Araliaceae |
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Malva neglecta |
roundleaf mallow |
Malvaceae |
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Malva sylvestris |
common mallow |
Malvaceae |
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Papaver somniferum |
opium poppy |
Papaveraceae |
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Pimpinella anisum |
Anise |
Apiaceae |
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Pinus sylvestris |
Scots pine |
Pinaceae |
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Plantago lanceolata |
narrowleaf plantain |
Plantaginaceae |
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Primula elatior |
true oxlip |
Primulaceae |
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Primula veris |
common cowslip |
Primulaceae |
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Pulmonaria officinalis |
common lungwort |
Boraginaceae |
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Saponaria officinalis |
common soapwort |
Caryophyllaceae |
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Thymus serpyllum |
wild thyme |
Lamiaceae |
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Thymus vulgaris |
common thyme |
Lamiaceae |
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Tilia platyphyllos |
large-leaved linden |
Malvaceae |
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Tropaeolum majus |
garden nasturtium |
Tropaeolaceae |
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Tussilago farfara |
coltsfoot |
Asteraceae |
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Verbascum phlomoides |
mullein |
Scrophulariaceae |
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| 3c Plants with effects against common cold |
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Elaeagnus rhamnoides |
common seabuckthorn |
Eleagnaceae |
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Potentilla erecta |
tormentil |
Rosaceae |
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Sambucus nigra |
black elder |
Adoxaceae |
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Salvia officinalis |
common sage |
Lamiaceae |
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Salvia fruticosa |
Greek sage |
Lamiaceae |
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Tilia platyphyllos |
large-leaved linden |
Malvaceae |
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| 4 Plants with effects on the gastrointenstinal tract |
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| 4a Amara |
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Achillea millefolium |
common yarrow |
Asteraceae |
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Acorus calamus |
sweet flag or calamus |
Acoraceae |
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Artemisia absinthium |
absinthe wormwood |
Asteraceae |
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Artemisia vulgaris |
common wormwood |
Asteraceae |
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Centaurea benedicta |
St. Benedict's thistle |
Asteraceae |
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Centaurium erythraea |
common centaury |
Gentianaceae |
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Cichorium intybus |
common chicory |
Asteraceae |
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Gentiana asclepiadea |
willow gentian |
Gentianaceae |
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Gentiana lutea |
great yellow gentian |
Gentianaceae |
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Marrubium vulgare |
white horehound |
Lamiaceae |
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Menyanthes trifoliata |
bogbean |
Menyanthaceae |
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| 4b Carminatives |
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Anethum graveolens |
Dill |
Apiaceae |
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Carum carvi |
Caraway |
Apiaceae |
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Coriandrum sativum |
Coriander |
Apiaceae |
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Foeniculum vulgare |
Fennel |
Apiaceae |
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Melissa officinalis |
lemon balm |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha aquatica |
watermint |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha arvensis |
Japanese mint |
Lamiaceae |
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subsp. haplocalyx |
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Mentha arvensis |
field mint |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha longifolia |
horse mint |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha x piperita |
peppermint |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha pulegium |
pennyroyal |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha x rotundifolia |
round-leaf mint |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha spicata |
spearmint |
Lamiaceae |
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Mentha spicata var.crispa |
crisp mint |
Lamiaceae |
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| 4c Ulcustherapeutics, Antiphlogistics |
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Atropa belladonna |
belladonna |
Solanaceae |
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Chamaemelum nobile |
Roman chamomile |
Asteraceae |
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Glycyrrhiza glabra |
Liquorice |
Fabaceae |
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Matricaria chamomilla |
chamomile |
Asteraceae |
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Scopolia carniolica |
henbane bell |
Solanaceae |
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| 5 Plants with adstringent compounds, |
| Antidiarrhetics |
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Agrimonia eupatoria |
common agrimony |
Rosaceae |
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Castanea sativa |
sweet chestnut |
Fagaceae |
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Hamamelis virginiana |
American witch-hazel |
Hamamelidaceae |
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Juglans regia |
common walnut |
Juglandaceae |
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Potentilla anserina |
common silverweed |
Rosaceae |
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Potentilla erecta |
tormentil |
Rosaceae |
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Quercus robur |
common oak |
Fagaceae |
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Rubus fruticosus |
blackberry |
Rosaceae |
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Salvia officinalis |
common sage |
Lamiaceae |
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Salvia fruticosa |
Greek Sage |
Lamiaceae |
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Vaccinium myrtillus |
blueberry |
Ericaceae |
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| 6 Plants with laxative compounds, Laxatives |
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Astracantha gummifera |
tragacanth |
Fabaceae |
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Frangula alnus |
alder buckthorn |
Rhamnaceae |
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Frangula purshiana |
cascara buckthorn |
Rhamnaceae |
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Fraxinus ornus |
manna ash |
Oleaceae |
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Linum usitatissimum |
common flax |
Linaceae |
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Plantago afra |
flea seed plantain |
Plantaginaceae |
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Sinopodophyllum hexandrum |
Indian may apple |
Berberidaceae |
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Podophyllum peltatum |
mayapple |
Berberidaceae |
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Rhamnus cathartica |
common buckthorn |
Rhamnaceae |
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Rheum officinale |
Chinese rhubarb |
Polygonaceae |
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Rheum palmatum |
ornamental rhubarb |
Polygonaceae |
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Rheum rhabarbarum |
rhubarb |
Polygonaceae |
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(rhaponticum) |
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Ricinus communis |
castor bean |
Euphorbiaceae |
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Sorbus aucuparia |
rowan |
Rosaceae |
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Trigonella foenum-graecum |
Fenugreek |
Fabaceae |
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| 7 Plants with effects on liver and gall bladder |
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Artemisia absinthium |
absinthe wormwood |
Asteraceae |
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Beta vulgaris |
beet |
Amaranthaceae |
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Chelidonium majus |
greater celandine |
Papaveraceae |
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Cynara scolymus |
globe artichoke |
Asteraceae |
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Helichrysum arenarium |
dwarf everlast |
Asteraceae |
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Mentha x piperita |
peppermint |
Lamiaceae |
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Silybum marianum |
Saint Mary's thistle |
Asteraceae |
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Taraxacum officinale |
common dandelion |
Asteraceae |
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| 8 Plants with effects on bladder and kidney |
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Arctostaphylos nevadensis |
pinemat manzanita |
Ericaceae |
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Arctostaphylos uva-ursi |
kinnikinnick |
Ericaceae |
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Asparagus officinalis |
asparagus |
Asparagaceae |
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Bergenia crassifolia |
heart-leaved bergenia |
Saxifragaceae |
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Betula pendula |
European white birch |
Betulaceae |
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Betula pubescens |
moor birch |
Betulaceae |
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Cucurbita pepo |
Squash |
Cucurbitaceae |
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Epilobium angustifolium |
rosebay willowherb |
Onagraceae |
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Epilobium parviflorum |
smallflower hairy willowherb |
Onagraceae |
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Equisetum arvense |
field horsetail |
Equisetaceae |
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Equisetum palustre |
marsh horsetail |
Equisetaceae |
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Glycyrrhiza glabra |
Liquorice |
Fabaceae |
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Herniaria glabra |
smooth rupturewort |
Caryophyllaceae |
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Juniperus communis |
common juniper |
Cupressaceae |
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Levisticum officinale |
Lovage |
Apiaceae |
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Ononis spinosa |
spiny restharrow |
Fabaceae |
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Petroselinum crispum |
garden parsley |
Apiaceae |
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Phaseolus vulgaris |
green bean |
Fabaceae |
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Populus tremula |
common aspen |
Salicaceae |
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Rubia tinctorum |
common madder |
Rubiaceae |
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Solidago canadensis |
Canadian goldenrod |
Asteraceae |
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Solidago virgaurea |
European goldenrod |
Asteraceae |
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Tropaeolum majus |
garden nasturtium |
Tropaeolaceae |
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Urtica dioica |
stinging nettle |
Urticaceae |
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Urtica urens |
annual nettle |
Urticaceae |
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Vaccinium vitis-idaea |
lingonberry |
Ericaceae |
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| 9 Plants with sedative compounds |
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Avena sativa |
common oat |
Poaceae |
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Centhranthus ruber |
red valerian |
Caprifoliaceae |
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Corydalis cava |
hollowroot-birthwort |
Papaveraceae |
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Humulus lupulus |
common hop |
Cannabaceae |
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Hypericum perforatum |
perforate St John's-wort |
Clusiaceae |
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Lavandula angustifolia |
true lavender |
Lamiaceae |
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Melissa officinalis |
lemon balm |
Lamiaceae |
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Papaver setigerum |
poppy of Troy |
Papaveraceae |
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Papaver somniferum |
opium poppy |
Papaveraceae |
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Passiflora edulis |
passionfruit |
Passifloraceae |
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Valeriana officinalis |
Valerian |
Caprifoliaceae |
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| 10 Plants with effects on the skin |
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Arnica chamissonis |
Chamisso arnica |
Asteraceae |
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Arnica montana |
wolf's bane |
Asteraceae |
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Brassica nigra |
black mustard |
Brassicaceae |
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Calendula officinalis |
common marigold |
Asteraceae |
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Capsicum annuum |
cayenne pepper |
Solanaceae |
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Echinacea angustifolia |
narrow-leaved purple coneflower |
Asteraceae |
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Echinacea pallida |
pale purple coneflower |
Asteraceae |
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Echinacea purpurea |
purple coneflower |
Asteraceae |
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Fumaria officinalis |
common fumitory |
Papaveraceae |
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Gaultheria procumbens |
American wintergreen |
Ericaceae |
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Hamamelis virginiana |
American witch-hazel |
Hamamelidaceae |
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Heracleum sphondylium |
common hogweed |
Apiaceae |
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Hypericum perforatum |
perforate St John's-wort |
Hypericaceae |
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Juglans regia |
common walnut |
Juglandaceae |
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Matricaria chamomilla |
chamomile |
Asteraceae |
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Quercus robur |
common oak |
Fagaceae |
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Rosmarinus officinalis |
rosemary |
Lamiaceae |
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Salix alba |
white willow |
Salicaceae |
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Sinapis alba |
white mustard |
Brassicaceae |
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Symphytum officinale |
common comfrey |
Boraginaceae |
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Trigonella foenum-graecum |
Fenugreek |
Fabaceae |
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Viola tricolor |
Johnny Jump up |
Violaceae |
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| 11 Plants with antirheumatic effects |
| (including group 10 plants) |
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Filipendula ulmaria |
meadowsweet |
Rosaceae |
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Gaultheria procumbens |
American wintergreen |
Ericaceae |
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Pinus sylvestris |
Scots pine |
Pinaceae |
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Populus tremula |
common aspen |
Salicaceae |
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Rosmarinus officinalis |
rosemary |
Lamiaceae |
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Salix alba |
white willow |
Salicaceae |
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Urtica dioica |
stinging nettle |
Urticaceae |
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| 12 Plants as source of starch and inulin |
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Avena sativa |
common oat |
Poaceae |
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Helianthus tuberosus |
Jerusalem artichoke |
Asteraceae |
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Hordeum vulgare |
Barley |
Poaceae |
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Secale cereale |
Rye |
Poaceae |
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Smallanthus sonchifolius |
yacón |
Asteraceae |
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Solanum tuberosum |
potato |
Solanaceae |
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Triticum aestivum |
Common wheat |
Poaceae |
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Triticum dicoccon |
Emmer wheat |
Poaceae |
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Triticum monococcum |
Einkorn wheat |
Poaceae |
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Zea mays |
Maize, corn |
Poaceae |
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| 13 Poisonous plants |
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Aconitum lycoctonum |
wolf's-bane |
Ranunculaceae |
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Aconitum napellus |
monk's-hood |
Ranunculaceae |
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Agrostemma githago |
common corn-cockle |
Caryophyllaceae |
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Aristolichia clematitis |
birthwort |
Aristolochiaceae |
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Arum italicum |
Italian arum |
Araceae |
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Arum maculatum |
snakeshead |
Araceae |
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Atropa belladonna |
belladonna |
Solanaceae |
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Bryonia cretica |
Cretan bryony |
Cucurbitaceae |
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Cicuta virosa |
northern water hemlock |
Apiaceae |
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Colchicum autumnale |
autumn crocus |
Colchicaceae |
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Conium maculatum |
poison hemlock |
Apiaceae |
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Consolida regalis |
field larkspur |
Ranunculaceae |
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Daphne mezereum |
February daphne |
Thymelaeaceae |
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Datura stramonium |
jimsonweed |
Solanaceae |
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Delphinium elatum |
alpine delphinium |
Ranunculaceae |
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Euonymus europaeus |
European spindle |
Celastraceae |
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Heracleum mantegazzianum |
giant hogweed |
Apiaceae |
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Hyoscyamus niger |
black henbane |
Solanaceae |
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Juniperus sabina |
savin juniper |
Cupressaceae |
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Kalmia latifolia |
mountain laurel |
Ericaceae |
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Laburnum anagyroides |
golden rain |
Fabaceae |
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Lactuca virosa |
poisonous lettuce |
Asteraceae |
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Lolium temulentum |
poison darnel |
Poaceae |
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Lonicera caprifolium |
Italian woodbine |
Caprifoliaceae |
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Lonicera xylosteum |
fly honeysuckle |
Caprifoliaceae |
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Mandragora officinarum |
mandrake |
Solanaceae |
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Nicandra physalodes |
apple-of-Peru |
Solanaceae |
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Nicotiana glauca |
tree tobacco |
Solanaceae |
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Nicotiana tabacum |
tobacco |
Solanaceae |
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Oenanthe crocata |
water dropwort |
Apiaceae |
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Paris quadrifolia |
true lover's knot |
Melanthiaceae |
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Phytolacca acinosa |
Indian poke |
Phytolaccaceae |
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Phytolacca americana |
American pokeweed |
Phytolaccaceae |
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Polygonatum multiflorum |
Solomon's seal |
Asparagaceae |
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Polygonatum odoratum |
angular Solomon's seal |
Asparagaceae |
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Polygonatum verticillatum |
whorled Solomon's-seal |
Asparagaceae |
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Prunus laurocerasus |
cherry laurel |
Rosaceae |
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Anemone pulsatilla |
pasque flower |
Ranunculaceae |
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Ranunculus acris |
tall buttercup |
Ranunculaceae |
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Ranunculus sceleratus |
celery-leaved buttercup |
Ranunculaceae |
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Ricinus communis |
castor bean |
Euphorbiaceae |
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Sambucus ebulus |
dwarf elder |
Adoxaceae |
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Jacobaea vulgaris |
common ragwort |
Asteraceae |
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Senecio ovatus |
wood ragwort |
Asteraceae |
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Solanum dulcamara |
bittersweet nightshade |
Solanaceae |
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Solanum americanum |
American black nightshade |
Solanaceae |
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Taxus baccata |
European yew |
Taxaceae |
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Thuja occidentalis |
northern white-cedar |
Cupressaceae |
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Veratrum album |
white hellebore |
Melanthiaceae |
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Veratrum nigrum |
black false hellebore |
Melanthiaceae |
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Vincetoxicum hirundinaria |
white swallow-wort |
Apocynaceae |
